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The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization V15 I2
© 1999 Oxford University Press

Article

Color blind is not color neutral: testing differences and affirmative action

J-P Benoît

New York University, NY, USA

Abstract

Employers or universities determine the qualifications of applicants based on the results of a test. Members of socioeconomically disadvantaged groups tend to score less well than equally qualified members of other groups. As a result, color blind practices discriminate against disadvantaged groups. This discrimination may persist even if rational firms realize that the test is (statistically) biased. Furthermore, test bias against a group is consistent with the test overpredicting group members' performance. An affirmative action program may be needed to achieve color-neutral results.


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