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Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization Advance Access published online on December 5, 2008

Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, doi:10.1093/jleo/ewn018
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Yale University. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Chilling, Settlement, and the Accuracy of the Legal Process

Ezra Friedman and Abraham L. Wickelgren*

Northwestern University

* Northwestern University School of Law, 357 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Email: a-wickelgren{at}law.northwestern.edu.

In this article, we ask the basic question: Is it necessarily the case that allowing or promoting settlement of lawsuits enhances social welfare? Our answer is not necessarily; there are circumstances where actually prohibiting settlement generates more social welfare than allowing it. Settlement can lower social welfare because it reduces the accuracy of legal outcomes. Reducing this accuracy reduces the ability of the law to deter harmful activity without chilling legitimate activity that might be mistaken for harmful activity. In some circumstances, the welfare loss from the chilling of legitimate activity can outweigh the gains from litigation cost savings, even if there are no restrictions on the damage rule. (JEL K00, K41, D82, C78)


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